![]() ![]() Some morphing wing design implementations were even validated with an effectively flown test model. Researchers have developed camber morphing mechanisms using smart materials, corrugated structures, multi-unit rib structures, vertically slitted rib structures, truss elements and runners, pressure-actuated cellular structures, bio-inspired FishBAC structures, monolithic compliant mechanisms, or combined form to introduce and validate their effectively working models and design implementation. Most of the morphing wing research works focus on either the design and implementation of morphing concepts using selected materials and structures, or the analysis of the structural and aerodynamic performance of suggested morphing concepts and their mechanisms. Whereas conventional wing aircrafts manoeuvre and change their flight dynamics by changing the deflection angles of various control surfaces such as flaps, aileron, elevator, rudder, and so on, as well as the wing area by expanding chord lengths, the concept of morphing wing aircraft relies on irregular changes of wing structures including changes in airfoil thickness, camber, span lengths, sweep angles, span bend, and twist as depicted in Figure 1. If the concept of morphing in wings is broadly defined, control surfaces in conventional aircrafts could also be included however, morphing wings typically refer to active, continuous, and more substantial changes in the wing structures from its initial design stage. In the aerospace and aviation industry, morphing technologies have been adopted to aim for enhanced flight performance by adjusting the aircraft’s structure, particularly wing shapes, to optimize flight states and conditions by matching with the corresponding flight mode. The term morphing is from “metamorphosis” and means a change of the form, or nature of a thing, or a person, into a completely different one by natural or supernatural means. By providing the improvement rates in L/D, this paper numerically evaluates and validates the efficiency of camber morphing aircraft, the most important aspect of aircraft operation, as well as the agility and manoeuvrability, compared to conventional wing aircraft. Overall, in the entire range of α, which conceptualizes aircrafts mission planning for operation, camber morphing wings are superior in D, L/D, and their improvement rate over conventional ones. ![]() As a result, we validate that variable camber morphing wings, equivalent to conventional wings with varying flap deflection angles, are improved by at least 1.7% in their L/D ratio, and up to 18.7% in their angle of attack, with α = 8° at a 3% camber morphing rate. Finally, we find matching pairs for a direct comparison to validate the effectiveness of morphing wings. ![]() #CAMBER AIRFOIL VERIFICATION#All things considered, this paper starts with the verification of the numerical model used for the aerodynamic performance analysis and then conducts the aerodynamic performance analysis of (1) variable camber rate in morphing wings and (2) variable deflection angles in conventional wings. However, the foundational work that establishes the motivation of morphing technology development has been overlooked in most research works. ![]() Many morphing-related research works mainly focus on the design of morphing mechanisms using smart materials, and innovative mechanism designs through materials and structure advancements. This paper aims to numerically validate the aerodynamic performance and benefits of variable camber rate morphing wings, by comparing them to conventional ones with plain flaps, when deflection angles vary, assessing their D reduction or L/D improvement. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |